Finance And Procurement Of The Lexington City Council

Finance and Procurement In 2008, the Lexington City Council (LCC) initiated its first first attempt to overhaul the procurement and finance infrastructure located in the city of Lexington, NC. When the overhaul began the primary focus was upon updating very outdated systems that were left over from the early 1990s. Many believed that significant growth could be achieved by upgrading the finance, human resources and payroll information technology and communication (ITC) systems. Not only had technology and services become more advanced and complex, but also the requirements of the LLC staff had advanced beyond the technology currently being utilized. In, 2009, the leading requirements pursued were: †¢ A more manageable, receptive, unified†¦show more content†¦The LLC board of directors requested a comprehensive report of requirements including an examination of major procedures. Requirements were acknowledged by conducting workshops and meetings with the most substantial platform users. In order to identify strategic areas for potential upgrading, flow charts were developed to explain the municipal ITC platform structure. Suppliers were asked to give precise instructions as to how these requirements would be met and responsiveness was a key consideration for the issuance of contracts. In addition to responsiveness, stability, longevity within the industry, technical capacity, track record, future business objectives and cost were also important considerations. Risk management concerns were key as well and strategic plans for managing risk were included as part of the whole strategic initiative. In addition to considering current risk management issues, proper c onsideration was given to being every vigilant with regard to future risk. The major risks considered were: †¢ Insufficient software with complex licensing requirements. †¢ Lack of capable employees. †¢ Scope extension due to ongoing LLC plans. †¢ Insufficient responses to contract offer. †¢ Mismatch between software and end user needs †¢ Difficulty accomplishing the outstanding requirements by modified development or de-scoping. By 2010, the LCC had put out a Request for Proposal (RFP) and held onsite appointments.

Leadership and Management styles in The devil wears Prada

Synopsis Andrea is fresh out of graduating from university in hopes of finding a job to help reach her dream of becoming a journalist in New York City. However she is sent to Miranda Priestly – the chief editor of Runway, a fashion magazine, for an interview as an assistant. She reluctantly gives it a shot in knowledge that a year of being an assistant for Miranda would open opportunities for her to become a journalist anywhere she pleased. Although Andrea lacked in experience and knowledge about the fashion industry, her credentials and smart thinking won her the position. Andrea, also known as Andy finds it hard to fit in with the lifestyle of the fashion absorbed. Through the instigation of Miranda and the people around her, Andy†¦show more content†¦For instance, Miranda became a Consultative leader by asking co-worker and Art director of the firm, Nigel, whether the dress wasn’t too similar to another designers and to choose which jacket would go with the outfit pi cked for the fashion run through. However we see Miranda being softer on Nigel throughout the film. This could be something to do with the position Nigel is in. He is already a man of knowledge and experience, and therefore should be treated differently to others. His experience means Miranda trusts him with more responsibilities. To my surprise there are also hints of Laissez-faire. (Devil; 00:16:14) When Miranda asks Andrea on her first shift to buy 10 to 15 skirts from Calvin Klein, she doesn’t specify the type or design and leaves her to figure it out herself. This is a lot of responsibility given to someone who she knows has no experience in the fashion industry. Miranda is a manager that relies heavily on threat to gain her employees compliance. Therefore looking at Theory X and Y founded by McGregor, and comparing the difference, it is clear that she shows traits from Theory X. These theories explain staff motivation within the workplace. Management that follows Theory X assumes that employees are lazy and dislike working hard. Therefore managers develop a system to tightly control workers and use their hierarchal status almost against them. We see this in the filmShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Devil Wears Prada 1294 Words   |  6 Pages INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AND FIT NAME INSTITUON AFFLIATION: DEPARTMENT: DATE The Devil Wears Prada In the Devil Wears Prada a diverse of personality characters are showcased by various employees more so the close workmates of the Chief- editor such as Emily, who has been a junior assistant in the same office and working under Miranda Priestly. The employment of the person to replace Andrea should be strategic and with critical analysis of personality characters so as to fit in the cruelRead MoreOrganizational Issues Representing The Devil Wears s Essay1373 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizational Issues Represented in Film The Devil Wears Prada is a film released in 2006, starring Anne Hathaway as Andrea â€Å"Andy† Sachs, a young college graduate who applies to work at the prestigious fashion magazine, Runway to work for an iconic but ruthless editor in chief, Miranda Priestly, portrayed by Meryl Streep. Miranda is extremely demanding and unreasonable to work for. She employs harsh mannerisms, is highly critical, and condescending, creating a hostile environment that has everyRead MoreFilm Review : The Devil Wears Prada Essay2408 Words   |  10 PagesFilm Review: ‘The Devil Wears Prada’ Lesharia Pillay Grade 10M Film director: David Frankel Year of release: 2006 Lead actors: Meryl Streep (Miranda Priestly) Anne Hathaway (Andrea Sachs) Plot summary The Devil Wears Prada is a story that follows a 23 year old woman, Andrea (Andy) Sachs, who s fresh out of Northwestern University and aspires to be a journalist for the New Yorker. Andrea does an interview at Elias-Clark publications and learns that Miranda Priestly, the Editor In Chief ofRead MoreRole Of Leader, Leadership Type, Team Building And Importance Of Trust And Communication3095 Words   |  13 PagesWintour, who is an editor-in-chief of Vogue, leading Vogue to be a successful magazine in the fashion industry. Hence, examine the development of leadership is essential. Communication can be seen as a bridge between leaders and followers while trust is the medium to let people have cooperation. Hence, this paper focus on analyzes the role of leader, leadership type, team building and the importance of trust and communication in the business. Introduction Anna Wintour, she works in the American VogueRead MoreWomen s Job Never Done1603 Words   |  7 Pagesrights. Many of the lawful constraints are based on the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Discrimination in the place of work is regulated to make certain that people have equal right of entry to jobs and equal compensations once hired. In 2011, the American Management Association performed a survey of employed women. Published discoveries conveyed that 95% of female respondents believed that they have been demoralized by another woman at least once in their occupations. This is ill-treatment of power and is seenRead MorePath Goals Theory : The Path Goal Theory Essay2583 Words   |  11 PagesMartin Evans in the 1960s but the idea was later expanded by Robert House who was formerly at University of Toronto, but now he is at Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania (Langton, Robbins, Judge, 272). Path-goal theory is a leadership theory that says it is the leader’s job to help followers in attaining their goals and to provide the necessary direction and/or support to make sure that each individual’s goals are consistent with the overall goals of the group or organizationRead MoreTraits, Behaviors, and Relationships6335 Words   |  26 PagesIndividualized Leadership In the Lead Jeff Immelt, General Electric Stephen McDonnell, Applegate Farms Colonel Joe D. Dowdy and Major General James Mattis, United States Marine Corps TruServe and North Jackson Elementary School University Public Schools Leader’s Self-Insight Rate Your Self-Confidence What’s Your Leadership Orientation? Your â€Å"LMX† Relationship Leader’s Bookshelf Know-How: The 8 Skills That Separate People Who Perform From Those Who Don’t Leadership at Work Read MoreTraits, Behaviors, and Relationships6349 Words   |  26 PagesIndividualized Leadership In the Lead Jeff Immelt, General Electric Stephen McDonnell, Applegate Farms Colonel Joe D. Dowdy and Major General James Mattis, United States Marine Corps TruServe and North Jackson Elementary School University Public Schools Leader’s Self-Insight Rate Your Self-Confidence What’s Your Leadership Orientation? Your â€Å"LMX† Relationship Leader’s Bookshelf Know-How: The 8 Skills That Separate People Who Perform From Those Who Don’t Leadership at Work Your Ideal

Schwartz’ s value Inventory free essay sample

Shalom Schwartz (1992, 1994) used his â€Å"Schwartz Value Inventory’ (SVI) with a wide survey of over 60,000 people to identify common values that acted as â€Å"guiding principles for one’s life† He identified ten â€Å"value types† that gather multiple values into a single category. Power This takes value from social statues and prestige. The ability to control others is important and power will be actively sought through dominance of others and control over resources. Achievement Value here comes from setting goals and then achieving them. The more challenge, the greater the sense of achievement. When others have achieved the same thing, status is reduced and greater goals are sought. Hedonism Hedonists simply enjoy themselves. They seek pleasure above all things and may, according to the view of others, sink into debauchery. Stimulation The need for stimulation is close to hedonism, though the goal is slightly different. Pleasure here comes more specifically from excitement and thrills and a person with this driver is more likely to be found doing extreme sports than propping up a bar. We will write a custom essay sample on Schwartz’ s value Inventory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Self-direction Those who seek self-direction enjoy being independent and outside the control of others. The prefer freedom and may have a particular creative or artistic bent, which they seek to indulge whenever possible. Universalism The Universalist seeks social justice and tolerance for all. They promote peace and equality and find war anathema except perhaps in pursuit of lasting peace. Benevolence Those who tend towards benevolence are very giving, seeking to help others and provide general welfare. They are the â€Å"earth mothers† who nurture all. Tradition The traditionalist respects that which has gone before, doing things simply because they are customary, They are conservative in the original sense, seeking to preserve the world order as is, Any change makes them uncomfortable. Conformity The person who values conformity seeks obedience to clear rules and structures. They gain a sense of control through doing what they are told and confirming to agrees laws and statutes. Security Those who seek security seek health and safety to a greater degree than other people (perhaps because of childhood woes). Though they may worry about the potential of military force, they welcome the comfort that their existence brings. This model is useful both in understanding values and also in understanding culture.

Pygmallion By Alfred Doolittle Essays - Eliza, Pygmalion

Pygmallion By Alfred Doolittle In Act 3 we learned a lot more about the character and philosophy of Alfred Doolittle. He is strangely individualistic personally and very eloquent. He is representative of the social class of the "undeserving poor", which, means that he is not entitled to receive financial support from the government, since he is physically able to work. He lives only for the moment; from day to day. The money he gets he wastes on intoxicating himself, and he has no intentions of taking any serious responsibilities, for himself, or for his daughter. Further on, in Act 5, Mr. Doolittle appears at the house of Professor Higgins, and angrily accuses Higgins of making him into a middle-class gentleman against his will. Higgins has said that Alfred Doolittle was the most original moralist in present day England. He has written a note to Mr. Wannafeller, a rich American and told him that. Wannafeller died and left Dolittle a share worth a thousand dollars a year on condition that he?d lecture for his Wannafeller Moral reform World League ax often as they?d ask him, possibly up to 6 times a year. Doolittle doesn?t mind the lectures, but he hates becoming one of the working class, because now he?s earning a living (middle class morality). He sees now that he has to taken added responsible onto him. He could have turned down the offer but was intimidated. As a result he needs Higgins to teach him to speak proper English. He doesn?t like it at all and blames Higgins for it. By virtue of his newfound morality, he must marry the woman with whom he has been living for years. 2.) Eliza angers Higgins by telling Colonel Pickering that his gentlemanly manners have meant more to her than Higgings? teaching. She says that the difference between a lady and a flower girl isn?t the way in which she behaves but how she is treated. She knows that Pickering will always treat her as a lady and that she will always be a flower girl to Higgins. Higgins tries to convince Eliza that she is better off staying with him, instead Eliza leaves in search of her independence. Pickering and Dootlittle leave for the church for his marriage and Mrs. Higgins also leaves so Higgins and Eliza are alone. Higgins wants Eliza to come back because they have grown accustomed to each other; he is irritated when she says she may marry Freddy. But Eliza finally wins his respect by declaring her a teacher of phonetics. Higgins is not pleased that she wants to help Nepommuck. As the play ends, everybody except Higgins in on his way to Doolitte?s wedding. Eliza says she will not see Higgins again, and tell him that he will be lost without her, but Higgins only laughs at her. 3.) Pickering feels the experiment was a smashing success. At the garden party a new person appears, Mr. Nepommuck. He was Mr. Higgins? first pupil. He speaks 32 languages and works as an interpreter. So, he will be a real challenge for Eliza because of his great ability to identify those with distinct accents, or incorrect pronunciation. After a little conversation he indentifies Eliza as a Hungarian princess. For him she cannot be English because her pronunciation is too perfect, which you can only hear from foreigners, who were talk to speak like this. So after all, the bet is won, and Eliza, Higgins and Pickering leave for the reception. 4.) Higgins brings Eliza to his mother?s house to try her out in a society. His mother isn?t very happy of this because Higgins is always rude and she is afraid that her guests won?t come again. The guests are Clara and Freddy Eynsford Hill and their mother. Although they have already seen Eliza in Covent Garden, they did not recognize her now, beautifully dressed and speaking perfectly pronounced English that Higgins has taught her. A trouble that Higgins knows Eliza will face is not her ability to speak rather her inability to say the proper thing. Her grammar is incorrect, and she the vocabulary and the subject matter of the street, not of high society. Higgins excuses it as the new small talk. Freddy and Clara both admire Eliza very much. Freddy falls "head over hills" in love with her and Clara decides to imitate Eliza?s unconventional conversation (they both think it?s her style). A few months later, at a reception at an embassy in London, Eliza causes a great excitement with her beauty,

Accounting Essays

Accounting Essays Accounting Essay Accounting Essay D2ACC100 FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING MID SEMESTER EXAM REVISION COMPILATION D2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: * Extracted from Past Year Mid Term Exam Paper: D2ACC100 – SEM 1, 2006 – SEM 3, 2007 * Original idea belongs to Mr Gooi Chee San * Some of the questions have been modified to cater the needs of current student Sem 3, 2007 Question 3 Cabao is a financial consultancy firm. It updates its accounts everyday. Indicate the immediate effect of the following errors on each of the accounting elements described in the column headings below, using the following code: O=overstated U=understated NE=no effectD2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 Copy the table below before answering. Error| Net Income| Total Assets| Total Liabilities| Owner’s equity| Example: Receives $200 cash for services rendered the transaction was recorded as $20. | U| U| NE| U| (a) Cabao bought an office table for $500. It was recorded as purchase. | | | | | (b) The owner withdrew $800 cash. No record was made. | | | | | (c) Cabao provided consultancy service for $2,300. It was recorded as $3,200. | | | | | (d) Recorded electricity expense payment twice. | | | | | (e) Received $6,000 for consultancy service to be provided next year. It was recorded as debit cash and credit consultancy revenue. | | | | | Sem 2, 2007 Question 3 ABC is a firm providing management consultancy services. Indicate the immediate effect of the following errors on each of the accounting elements described in the column headings below, using the following code: O=overstated U=understated NE=no effect Copy the table below before answering. ErrorD2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 | Net Income| Total Assets| Total Liabilities| Owner’s equity| Example: Received $200 each for services rendered to a customer, but recorded the transaction as $20. U| U| NE| U| (a) Depreciation expense was $5,000 for the period. It was wrongly charged as $3,000. | | | | | (b) Provided consultancy service to a client on credit basis. It was recorded as DR. Service Revenue CR. Accounts Receivable. | | | | | (c) Bought motor vehicle insurance policy on credit basis. It was recorded DR. Prepaid Insurance CR. Cash. | | | | | (d) Bought office equipment on credit basis. The of fice equipment was received but no payment was made yet. No entry was made at all on this purchase. | | | | | (e) The owner withdrew $2,000 for his family use. It was recorded as DR. Entertainment expense CR. Cash. | | | | | Sem 1, 2007 Question 3 Indicate the immediate effect of the following errors on each of the accounting elements described in the heading below. The business provides consultancy services to clients. Using the following code: O=overstated U=understated NE=no effect (Before answering, copy the table below) Error| NetProfit| TotalAssets| TotalLiaD2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 bilities| Owner’sequity| Example: Received $500 cash for consultancy services rendered to a client, but recorded the transaction as $50. U| U| NE| U| (i)Did not record the utilities used. The amount has not yet been paid. | | | | | (ii)Bought and paid $200 for office supplies. The office supplies were kept in the cupboard. No entry has been made. | | | | | (iii)Provided consultancy service to a client for $4,000 on credit basis. No entry was made. No money was received. | | | | | (iv)Depreciation expense of motor vehicle was recorded twice. | | | | | (v )Provided consultancy service to a client for $800 on account. It was correctly recorded. When the $800 was received, it was recorded as DR Cash and CR Revenue. | | | | | Sem 3, 2006 Question 2 Indicate the immediate effect of the following errors on each of the accounting elements described in the column heading below, using the following code: O = overstated U = understated NE = no effect Copy the table below before answering. Error| NetProfit| TotalAssets| TotalLiability| Owner’sequity| Example : Received $200 cash for services rendered to a customer, but recorded the transaction as $20| U| U| NE| U| (a) Billed for electricity used inD2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 the month. Not paid and not recorded. | | | | | (b) Bought a computer for office use, terms n/30. It was recorded debit office expense and credit cash| | | | | (c) Provided service to a client and received cash. It was recorded twice| | | | | (d) Forgot to charge the depreciation of building| | | | | (e) Paid wages expense for the month. It was recorded; debit office supplies expense and credit cash. | | | | | Sem 2, 2006 Question 3 (20 marks) Indicate the immediate effect of the following errors on each of the accounting elements described in the column heading below, using the following code: O= overstated U=understated NE=no effect Copy the table below before answering. Error| Net Profit| Total Assets| Total Liability| Owner’s Equity| Example: Received $200 cash for services rendered to a customer, but recorded the transaction as $20. | U| U| NE| U| (a) Did not record purchase of inventory on credit basis, n/60. | | | | | (b) Did not charge depreciation expenD2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 se of office equipment. | | | | | (c) Did not record withdrawal of $500 by owner for his family use. | | | | | (d) Paid wages expense once but recorded twice. | | | | | (e) Paid to Radio Station for advertisement to be aired next month, but the payment was not recorded. | | | | Sem 3, 2007 Question 2 Pasig is a trading business. An extract of the ledger balances as at 31 August 2007 is shown below. Pasig uses the periodic inventory system. | $| Cash at D2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 bank (DR)Office equipmentMotor vehicleInventoryAccounts payableAccounts receivableCapital| 55,00015,00023,00012,00090,00080,000 95,000370,000| In September 2007, the following events took place: S ept 03| Pasig issued a cheque $2,000 to its supplier for purchases made in August 2007. | Sept 05| Bought inventory for $10,000 on the following terms 10/15, n/60. Sept 10| Pasig received a cheque of $7,000 from its customer for sales made in August 2007. | Sept 14| Pasig issued a cheque to fully settle the purchase made on September 05, 2007. | Sept 17| Sold inventory for $28,000 on the term 2/10, n/45. | Sept 20| The owner of Pasig issued a business cheque of $4,000 for his son to go for a private holiday. | Sept 25| Pasig purchase a computer, $3,000 by cheque, for office use. | Sept 29| Paid $9,000 to its employees for work done in September 2007. | (Ignore Goods Services Tax) REQUIRED: a)Show ALL the ledger accounts (T-account) and post the September transactions. (NO JOURNAL ENTRY IS REQUIRED) (b)Prepare a Trial Balance as at 30 September 2007. Sem 2, 2007 Question 2 Luzon started its business operation in 1824 as a trading enterprise. An extract of its ledger balances as at 3 0 April 2007 is show below. Luzon has been using the period inventory system since inception. All payments and receipts are through its bank account. Ledger balances as at 30 April 2007 Ledger accounts| $| Cash at bank (DR)CapitalBank loanAccounts payableSalary payableOffice equipmenD2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 Motor vehiclesAccounts receivableInventory| 80,000149,00050,00044,0003,00018,00064,00059,000 25,000 492,000| In May 2007, the following events took place: May 2| Luzon paid $3,000 to its employee for the salary it owed in April 2007. | May 4| Luzon sold some inventory for $11,000 and received payment immediately. | May 7| It bought $40,000 inventory on the following terms 5/10, n/60. | May 10| The owner of Luzon issued a cheque of $20,000 (from Luzon’s account) for his son to buy a motor vehicle. His son is studing in a French University. | May 14| Luzon sold some inventory for $17,000 on the following terms 3/5, n/30. May 16| Luzon fully settled the amount owed for the purch ase made on May 7. | May 23| Luzon paid $16,000 to its supplier for the purchase incurred in April 2007. No discount was granted. | May 29| Luzon bought a brand new photostat machine for $4,000, it was paid by cheque. | May 31| Luzon paid $6,000 to its workers for work done in May 2007. Luzon also paid $2,000 for the utilities consumed in May 2007. | (Ignore Goods Services Tax) REQUIRED: (a)Show ALL the ledger accounts (T-account) and post the May 2007 transactions. (NO JOURNAL ENTRY IS REQUIRED) (b)Prepare a Trial Balance as at 31 May 2007. Sem 1, 2007 Question 2 SiemReap is a trading business. It buys and sells a standard-sized refrigerator. An extract of the ledger balances as at 31 January 2007 is shown below. The business uses the periodic inventory system. Cash at bank (DR)Office equipmentCapitalAccounts receivableAccounts payableMotor vehiclesTotal| $80,00030,000115,00070,00085,000 20,000 400,000| In February 2007, the following events took place:- February 02| SiemReap received a cheque of $13,000 from its customer for the sales made in January 2007. | February 05| Bought a dozen refrigerator for $50,000 on the following terms 2/10, n/60. February 07| SiemReap paid $35,0D2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 00 by cheque for purchases made in January 2007. | February 09| SiemReap sold a few refrigerator for $100,000 on the following terms 3/10, n/45. | February 11| The owner of SiemReap issued a cheque of $8,000 to himself for personal use. | February 14| SiemReap fully settled the purchase made on February 05, 2007| February 18| SiemReap received a cheque of $97,000 from its customer for sales made on February 09, 2007. | February 26| SiemReap paid $6,000 by cheque to a television broadcasting company for advertisement to be aired on 15 March 2007. February 28| SiemReap paid $7,000 to its employee for February 2007 salary. | (Ignore Goods Services Tax) REQUIRED: (a)Show ALL the ledger accounts (T-account) and post the February 2007 transactions. NO JOURNAL ENTRY IS REQUIRED (b)Prepare a trial balance as at 28 February 2007. Sem 3, 2006 Question 3 Karon is a trading business. It buys goods in bulk and retails them in small quantity. The following is an extract of Karon’s ledger balances as at 30 September 2006. Karon uses the periodic inventory system. Karon : Ledger balances as at 30 September 2006. | | Accounts receivables| $50 000| Accounts payables| 70 000| Motor vehicles| 60 000| Accumulated depreciation of motor vehicles| 20 000| Wages and salaries payable| 8 000| Cash at bank (DR)| 35 000| Capital| 72 000| Inventory| 25 000| | $340 000| In October 2006, the following events took place. 2006| | Oct 02| Karon issued a cD2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 heque $8000 to pay the salary for September 2006| | | Oct 06| Sold some inventory for $60 000 on the following terms 5/10, n/60| | | Oct 09| Karon collected a $10 000 cheque from its customer for sales made in the previous month. | | | Oct 12| Karon bought some inventory for $100 000 on the following terms 3/5, n/60| | | Oct 14| Karon issued a cheque to fully settle for the purchase made on October 12| | | Oct 15| Karon received a cheque from its customer for the sales made on October 06| | | Oct 19| Karon bought a new computer for business use. It paid by cheque $5000| | | Oct 23| The owner withdrew $6,000 for family use| | | Oct 31| Paid its workers $4,000 for the work done in October 2006| (IGNORE GOODS SERVICES TAX) REQUIRED: (a)Show ALL the ledger accounts (T-account) and post the October transactions (No journal entry is required) (b)Prepare a trial balance as at 31 October 2006. Sem 2, 2006 Question 2 (30 marks) Ubud started its business operation on 1 May 2006. It uses the periodic inventory system. An extract of its Ledger balances as at 31 May 2006 is as follows: Ubud: Ledger balances as at 31 May 2006| Cash at bank (DR)| $ 78,000| Capital| 90,000| Rental expense| 5,000| Sales| 70,000| Accounts receivable| 40,000| Accounts payable| 35,000| Purchases| 60,000| Wages and salaries expense| 2,000| Utilities expense| 3,000| Office equipment| 7,000| | 390,000| In June 2006, the following events took place. All payments and receipts were through the cash at bank account. June 2| Ubud sold some inventory for $12,000 cash. | June 5| Ubud issued a cheque of $9,000 to its supplier for purchases made in May 2006D2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 .| June 7| Bought some inventory for $60,000 on the following terms 5/10, n/60. | June 9| Issued a cheque of $38,000 for purchase of a motor vehicle for business use. | June 9| Paid $3,000 for the motor vehicle insurance policy, coverage from June 9, 2006 to June 9, 2007. | June 16| Ubud issued a cheque to fully settle purchase made on June 7, 2006. | June 19| Sold some inventory for $100,000 on the following terms 2/10, n/60. | June 28| Ubud received a cheque from a customer for sales made on June 19. June 30| Paid its workers $2,000 for the work done in June 2006. | REQUIRED: (a)Show all the ledger accounts (T-account) brought down from May 2006 and then post the June 2006 transactions. (No journal entry is required) (b)Prepare a trial balance of Ubud as at 30 June 2006. Sem 1, 2006 Question 2 PWC is a trading business. The merchandise business has been in operation for a numb er of months. The following balances were extracted from the Accounting Records of the business as at 31 May 2005. | $| | Cash at bank | 27,000| (DR)| Premises rent expense| 6,000| | Office equipment| 5,000| | Motor vehicles| 26,000| | Purchases| 42,000| | Accounts payable| 20,000| | Sales| 86,000| | Accounts receivable| 24,000| | Prepaid insurance| 3,000| | Salary expense| 6,000| | Telephone and electricity expense| 4,000| | Capital| 37,000| | | 286,000| | The business continued its operation in June 2005. The following events took place in June 2005. (The business has chosen to apply the Periodic Inventory System and will continue to use it in the future. ) All payments and receipts were through its bank account. June 02| PWC paid $8,000 by cheque for the purchases made in May 2005. June 03| PWC received $12,000 from its customers for sales made in May 2005. | June 08| Sold inventory, $18,000, on the following terms 5/10, n/30| June 12| Bought $1,000 worth of pencils, pens, paper etc for office use. It was paid by cheque. D2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 | June 16| Bought inventory, $16,000, on the following terms 3/15, n/30| June 18| PWC issued a $8,000 cheque for the purchase made in May 2005. Th e supplier gave PWC $1,000 discount for early settlement of account. | | | June 20| The owner of PWC bought a computer, $2,000, for his son’s personal use. He issued a cheque of $1,000 using PWC’s bank account. His wife paid $1,000 from her personal savings account. | | | June 29| PWC paid $2,000 for Telephone and Electricity used in June 2005. | | | June 29| PWC paid $3,000 to its workers for the work done in June 2005. | (Ignore Goods and Services Tax) REQUIRED: (a) Show all the Accounting Entries in the Ledger Accounts (T-accounts) and post the above transactions (NO JOURNAL ENTRY IS REQUIRED) (b) Extract a Trial Balance of the business as at 30 June 2005 after the posting of the above transactions in (a). Sem 3,2007 Question 1 Kaloonkan is a trading business. Its financial year end is 31 October each year. An extract of Kaloonkan’s ledger accounts is shown below. Trial balance as at 31 October 2007 | DR $’000| CR $’000| Advertising expenseMachineriesAccounts receivablesLand, at costBuilding, at costCash at bankDiscount allowedDrawingsRepair expenseDiscount receivedCapitalBank Loan, due on 1. 1. 2011Accounts payablesService RevenuePrepaid insuranceUtilities expenseOffice suppliesInteresD2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 t expenseBuilding maintenance expenseSundry operatng expenseSalaries and wages expensesOffice equipmentManagement consultancy expense| 271,160340226300401430132011124257515140520 10| 107444361001,800| Other data included: i) The prepaid insurance is valid for a twenty-month period, starting from 01 November 2006. (ii) Supplies worth $20,000 have been used during the year (iii) The utilities consumed in October 2007 was $11,000. No payment has been made and no entry has been made. (iv) Out of the service revnue, $100,000 is yet to be earned REQUIRED: (a)Prepare a detailed Income Statement of Kaloonkan for the year ended 31 October 2007. (b)Prepare a Statement of Owner’s equity for the year ended 31 October 2007. (c)Prepare a Balance Sheet as at 31 October 2007. Sem 2, 2007 Question 1 Clarke Angeles is a sole proprietorship business. Its financial year end is 30 June each year. Below is a trial balance of Clarke Angeles as at 30 June 2007. All in thousand. | DR $’000| CR $’000| Advertisement expenseWages and salaries expenseMotor vehicle expensePrepaid insuranceSundry operating expensesDiscount allowedDelivery chargesAccounts receivableCash at bankDrawingsMotor vehicles, at costLandBuildingInterest expenseAccomodation expenseOffice EquipmentElectricity and Telephone expensesPremises rental revenueDiscount receivedAccounts payableConsultationD2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 FeesCapitalCommision RevenueNotes payable, due 29 June 2007| 168018242019138018208010040062341849| 38257076840033 50| (Ignore Goods Services Tax) Other data given: (i) The owner withdrew $4,000 cash on 28 June 2007. No entry has been made. (ii) Clarke Angeles advertised its products over the local radio station on 27 June 2007. It costs the business $5,000. It has not yet paid and no entry has been made at all for this advertisement. (iii) The prepaid insurance is valid from 01 July 2006 to 30 June 2007. (iv) Rental of $4,000 is yet to be received REQUIRED: (a)Prepare a detailed Income Statement of Clarke Angeles for the year ended 30 June 2007, and (b)A statement of Owner’s Equity for the year and a detailed Balance Sheet as at 30 June 2007. Sem 1, 2007 Question 1 Angkor is a trading business. It prepares its financial statements once a year. Its financial year end is 31 January. An extract of its ledger accounts is shown below. Trial balance as at 31 January 2007| | DR $’000| CR $’000| Management fee expense| 72| | Prepaid advertisement| 20| | Wages and salaries expense| 222| | Accomodation charges| 22| | Drawings| 20| | Discount allowD2 ACC 100 D2 ACC 100 ed| 33| | Cash at bank| 40| | Land, at cost| 200| | Building, at cost| 300| | Accounts receivable| 380| | Vehicle| 1,030| | Prepaid insurance| 24| | Utilities expense| 60| | Secretarial fee expense| 50| | Interest expense| 30| | Motor vehicle, at cost| 260| | Beginning inventory, 01 February 2006| 240| | Sundry expense| 18| | Service Fee| | 1,650| Accounts payable| | 170| Loan| | 300| Capital, 1. 2. 2006| | 873| Discount received| _____| 28| Other data given: i) The prepaid insurance was valid for the period 1 February 2006 to 31 January 2007. (ii) The utilities used in January 2007 were $5,000. No entry has been made. (iii) The prepaid advertisement is for 4 days, between 30 January 2007 to 2 February 2007. It was paid for advertising its products in the local newspaper. (iv) 10% of service fee is yet to be earned REQUIRED: (a)Prepare a detailed Income Statement (Profit and Loss) for the year ended 31 Ja nuary 2007. (b)Prepare a Statement of Owner’s Equity for the year ended 31 January 2007. (c)Prepare a Balance Sheet Statement as at 31 January 2007.

SAT Test Dates 2017-2018

SAT Test Dates 2017-2018 SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips When trying to plan an SAT study schedule, you must first know when exactly you'll be taking the SAT. In this article, we give you allSAT test dates, deadlines, and score release dates for the 2017-2018 testing year.We also provide you with our top four tips forhelping you choosethe best SAT test date foryour schedule. SAT Test Dates 2017-2018 Beloware allSAT test dates for 2017-18, as confirmedby the College Board.All the registration deadlines and online score release dates have been officially confirmed as well. SAT Test Dates 2017-18 (US) This testing year marks the first time there will be an August test date and no January test date.This August test date isonlyoffered in theUS. Test Date Normal Deadline Late Registration* Online Score Release August 26, 2017 July 28, 2017 August 15, 2017 September 18, 2017 October 7, 2017 September 8, 2017 September 27, 2017 October 26, 2017 November 4, 2017 October 5, 2017 October 25, 2017 November 23, 2017 December 2, 2017 November 2, 2017 November 21, 2017 December 21, 2017 March 10, 2018** February 9, 2018 February 28, 2018 March 29, 2018 May 5, 2018 April 6, 2018 April 25, 2018 May 24, 2018 June 2, 2018 May 3, 2018 May 23, 2018 July 11, 2018 *The late registration deadline is typically one week earlier if you are registering by mail. **Regular SAT only. SAT Test Dates 2017-18 (International) Starting in 2018, theMarch SAT test date will be availableoutside the US; however, this is only for the regular SAT, not the SAT Subject Tests. By contrast, the international November and June test dates will offerSAT Subject Testsonly. Test Date Registration Deadline Online Score Release October 7, 2017 September 8, 2017 October 26, 2017 November 4, 2017* October 5, 2017 November 23, 2017 December 2, 2017 November 2, 2017 December 21, 2017 March 10, 2018** February 9, 2018 March 29, 2018 May 5, 2018 April 6, 2018 May 24, 2018 June 2, 2018* May 3, 2018 July 11, 2018 *SAT Subject Tests only. **Regular SAT only. How to Choose an SAT Test Date: 4 KeyTips Familiarizing yourself with upcoming SAT test dates lets you customize yourstudy plan and choose a date that'll fit well withyour schedule. Here are four tipsto help youselect an ideal SAT test date. #1: Know Your Deadlines The most important thing to remember is to take your SAT early enough so that your scores will arrive before your college application deadlines.The most commonregular decision deadline is January 1,and the most commonearly actiondeadlines are November 1 and 15. The College Board typically sends SAT scores to schools (for your four free score reports)within 10 days after you receive your scores online.Check the Online Score Release columns in the tables above for exact score release dates. That said, some schools can take a week to process SAT scores they've received. As a rule, then, try tostick with SAT test dates that are at least five or six weeks before your application deadlines (seven or eight weeksif you think you'll need to order additional score reports). Below is a handy chart listing common application deadlines and their latest recommended and latest possible SAT test dates.The latest recommended dates are all but guaranteed to get your scores to your schools in time, whereasthe latest possible dates have a much higher risk of delivering your scores after your deadlines. As with anything, weigh your options carefully before making a decision! College App Deadline Latest Recommended SAT Date Latest Possible SAT Date* October 15 August August November 1 August October November 15 October October November 30 October November December 1 October November December 15 November November January 1 November December January 10-15 December December February 1 December December February 15 December December March 1 December December March 15 December December April 1 December March April 15 December March May 1 March March May 15 March March June 1 March May June 15 March May July 1 May June July 15 May June August 1 June June August 15 June June September 1 June June *These dates might get your scores to your schools in time or they might not! So choose wisely. Don't forget about SAT scholarship deadlines, either. If you want to get any scholarships that consider your SAT score, you’ll need to have your test scores sent outbefore your scholarship deadlines. Oftentimes, these deadlines are the same as college application deadlines. #2: Set Aside Time for Retakes Most students improve their scores when they take the SAT again, so you'll want to give yourself an opportunitytotake the test multiple times. Generally, we suggest doing the following: Take your first SAT in the fall of your junior year. Take your second SAT in the spring of your junior year. Take your third SAT in the summer/fall of your senior year (if necessary). If you can't (or didn't) take the SAT in the fall as a junior, don't sweat it- just take it as soon as you can in the spring, ideally in March. This way you'll still have several opportunities to retake the SAT in June, August, and the fall (as a senior). However, try not to choose any back-to-back SAT sessions,especially in the fall of your senior year. SATs are scheduled so closely together that you often won't even receive your scores until the late registration deadline for the following test date has already passed! You also likely won't have enough time to study effectively in-between tests, sospace out your SATs- your weary brain will thank you for it! #3:Come Up With a Solid Study Plan When selecting an SAT test date, you'll want to give yourself enough time to prepare for the exam. We generally advise studying for three to six months.But no matter how long (or how short) your time frame is before test day,you should always knowhowmany hours you must studyin order to hit your goal score. Our estimates for study hours and total point improvements on the SAT are as follows: 0-30 point improvement: 10 hours 30-70 point improvement: 20 hours 70-130 point improvement: 40 hours 130-200 point improvement: 80 hours 200-330 point improvement: 150 hours+ According to these estimates, the more points you want to score on the SAT, the more hours you'll need to dedicate to studying.For help with developing a surefirestudy plan, start with our guide on how to study for the SAT, and then take a look at these sample study plans. As with any test, make sure you're not trying to squeeze in too many study hours every day- wearing yourself down won't help you get a higher score, promise! #4: Note AnyConflicts WithTest Dates Our final tip is to check to see whether you'll have any potential conflicts on or around your desired SAT test date. For example, maybe theMarch test date is during your basketball playoffs, and you’ll be too busy to study. Or perhaps you want to avoid the May test date since you’ll be focusing on preparing for AP tests. Although it can be difficult to carve outtime during which you canfully devote yourself to the SAT, you don't want tooverwhelm yourself with too many tests or other obligations. So grab a calendar, check your schedule, andchoose theSAT test date that works best with your free time. What's Next? Want more info on SAT test dates?Check out our full guide to choosing SAT test dates, and peek ahead with our guides to2018-19 and future SAT test dates. Curious about ACT test dates, too?We offera comprehensive guide to all upcoming ACT test dates as well as an expert review of the best SAT and ACT test dates. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

How does the Christian communal meal arise from Jewish and Greco-Roman Assignment

How does the Christian communal meal arise from Jewish and Greco-Roman conceptions of sacrifice and what makes the Christian sacrificial meal different from its Jewish and Greco-Roman forerunners - Assignment Example The second one the members performed dances, made choirs, sang sacred songs and remained sober until dawn. Another example of Jewish communal meal is the gathering meal where the community rule in the Qumran script provides direction: it says that they will eat and pray in common. Additionally, the eating’s started by blessing the wine and bread while praying involved the discussion and study of law among others. This communal suppers took place daily (Alikin, 16). In Graeco-Roman world cult, associations and mystery cults were effective. They are considered as a subcategory of voluntary associations. The utmost mystery cults were the Mithras cult, sibylline cult at Rome, Eleusis cult and lastly the Serapis and Isis cult. All these cults has one similar thing: their supporters gathered at agreed times with a lavish meal. These common suppers are well indicated, for example, the cults of Serapis and Isis. Supporters of these cults gathered from time to time in temples or houses and sat on couches. This coaches were only set up for ceremonial drinking and eating occasions. In Christians, gatherings were dual. The first one comprised of a meal proper and after the meal a session with various activities like teaching, singing and preaching followed. These activities resembled what happened at feasts in the Graeco-Roman world. Precisely the gatherings of Christians was that some fell into a frenzy: they spoke streams of incoherent and inexplicable sounds. Additionally, other members produced understandable sounds in the form of preaching’s, revelations, teaching, hymns and lastly passing on of knowledge and wisdom. The above oral contributions were offered and bartered in the same assembly as the common meal but took place in the second fold once the meal had been finished. The Christian dual structure of gathering is also similar to the Jewish assembly. This so for because when the meal is over, a person who is

Theories of visual culture and social semiotics Assignment

Theories of visual culture and social semiotics - Assignment Example Infusing the visual culture studies especially in art education involves embracing the postmodern conceptions and posing a challenge to the modern ideals. Also, it involves the instructions whereby there is knowledge sharing among all the learners. The images are critically examined with intelligent and understanding actions as the aim rather than artistic appreciation. One of the main aims of art facilitators is to involve students in learning activities, both through and in art. Nevertheless, most of the facilitators do argue that visual culture art education offer a successful means of engagement. Although the lessons may originate from the visual culture theory, they may result in the lessons which may go back to modern concepts and ideas as well as principles of formal design. However, one of the key shortcomings of the programs is caused by the counterfeit logic that may result from the use of the formalistic theories so as to discuss and understand very well the concept of vis ual culture and postmodernism(Pincus, 2011). The visual culture theory usually requires that the artwork should be put into consideration in relation to the social context and the social context. Cultural studies The theory of visual culture is critically indebted to some form of cultural studies. In essence, the idea of cultural studies is a very complicated and interdisciplinary field. It was first discussed in England in early 1960s, but currently it is a global field of study. It is mainly concerned with giving significance to cultural practices in terms of people’s experiences as well as the structural dynamics of modernize society. According to Harrison, (2003), he argues that the theory bases on the belief that the society should be structured and that the signifying practices should be seen as a means of maintaining and establishing power. However, people can interpret for themselves. The latest studies on visual culture, which emerged in the mid 1990s, are much diver sified and it advocates most on the critical edge of the cultural studies. A visual culture study, as a field, encompasses two main principle concerns. These are the visible objects and our perception on them; normally called the ‘seen and the seer’. With this respect, visual culture studies have no significant difference from other philosophical studies. This is because its concerns aim at giving a clear description of the objects under study and their natural aesthetic gaze. However, the main difference is the fact that visual culture studies put into consideration a lot of artifacts and several ways of appearance as opposed to philosophical aesthetics. The studies of visual culture address the inner meaning of the images in photography, advertising and painting. Visual culture refers to those cultural aspects which are manifested in visible form i.e. paintings, photographs, prints, video and scene images. They mainly focus on images themselves so that they can bring out the cultural link attach to them (Herrmann, 2005). At some instance, it is very difficult to distinguish regalia from images. This is because some images appear real since they give an expression and representation of constituted reality (Pincus, 2011). The approach of visual culture from the visual culture studies begin and end with the contemporary cultural sites.

American Literature Summer Reading List Essay Example for Free

American Literature Summer Reading List Essay The following list was complied from the recommendations of the Belmont High School English department and contains some of the best-known works of American literature. Each book addresses the American Dream and/or American identities. All entering 11th graders must read at least one book from the list below over the summer. Students entering English 11 Honors must read at least one contemporary AND one classic work from the list. The American Literature Summer Reading page on your Edline account provides summaries of the works listed below; it will be available until July 15th. We encourage all students to preview a book before making a choice in order to determine that the writing style and narrative voice will be a good fit. Please consult your 10th grade teacher if you need help finding a book that is a good match for you. Author Book Joan Didion Joan Didion W. E. B. Du Bois Booker T. Washington The White Album: Essays Slouching Toward Bethlehem: Essays The Souls of Black Folk Up from Slavery Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas: A Savage Journey to the Heart of the American Dream The Dharma Bums On the Road Hunter S. Thompson Jack Kerouac Jack Kerouac Malcolm X and Alex Haley Tom Wolfe Alex Haley Ayn Rand  Ayn Rand Bernard Malamud E. L. Doctorow Edith Wharton Edith Wharton F. Scott Fitzgerald F. Scott Fitzgerald Herman Melville James Baldwin James Weldon Johnson The Autobiography of Malcolm X The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test Roots The Fountainhead Atlas Shrugged The Natural Ragtime The Age of Innocence The House of Mirth Tender is the Night This Side of Paradise Moby-Dick Go Tell it on the Mountain Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man Genre Essays Essays Essays Memoir Era Classic Classic Classic Classic Memoir Memoir Memoir Classic Classic Classic. Memoir Memoir Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Classic  Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Joan Didion John Cheever John Dos Passos John Irving John Steinbeck John Steinbeck John Updike Kate Chopin Ken Kesey N. Scott Momaday Nella Larson Norman Mailer Philip Roth Ralph Ellison Raymond Chandler Richard Wright Rita Mae Brown Robert Penn Warren Saul Bellow Sinclair Lewis Theodore Dreiser Theodore Dreiser Upton Sinclair Vladimir Nabokov Willa Cather Willa Cather William Faulkner Studs Terkel Play It As It Lays The Wapshot Chronicle The U. S. A. Trilogy The World According to Garp East of Eden The Grapes of Wrath Rabbit, Run The Awakening One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest House Made of Dawn Passing An American Dream Portnoy’s Complaint Invisible Man The Big Sleep Black Boy Rubyfruit Jungle All the Kings Men The Adventures of Augie March Main Street An American Tragedy Sister Carrie The Jungle Lolita My Antonia O Pioneers! Absalom, Absalom! Working: People Talk About What They Do All Day and How They Feel about What They Do Arthur Miller A View from the Bridge Lorraine Hansberry Sherwood Anderson Sarah Vowell Toure A Raisin in the Sun Winesburg, Ohio The Partly Cloudy Patriot Whos Afraid of Post-Blackness? What It Means to be Black Now Novel Novel Novel. Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Classic Oral History Play Play Short Stories Essays Essays Classic Classic Classic Classic Contemporary Contemporary Annie Dillard Barack Obama Bob Dylan Itabari Njeri James McBride Jay-Z John Edgar Wideman Luis Rodriguez Maxine Hong Kingston Richard Rodriguez Barbara Ehrenreich Dave Eggers. David Bianculli Erik Larsen Greil Marcus John Berendt Jon Krakauer Neil Swidey Tom Wolfe Amy Tan Andre Dubus III Annie Proulx Audrey Niffenegger Barbara Kingsolver Barbara Kingsolver Barbara Kingsolver Chad Harbach Chang-rae Lee Cormac McCarthy Daniel Wallace Danzy Senna Dave Eggers David Foster Wallace An American Childhood Dreams from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance Chronicles, Vol. I Every Goodbye Ain’t Gone The Color of Water: A Black Mans Tribute to His White Mother Decoded Brothers and Keepers Always Running: La Vida Loca: Gang Days in L. A The Woman Warrior Hunger of Memory: The Education of Richard Rodriguez. Nickle and Dimed: On (Not) Getting by in America Zeitoun Dangerously Funny: The Uncensored Story of The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour Devil in the White City The Old, Weird America: The World of Bob Dylans Basement Tapes Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil Into the Wild The Assist: Hoops, Hope, and the Game of Their Lives The Right Stuff The Joy Luck Club House of Sand and Fog The Shipping News The Time Travellers Wife The Bean Trees Animal Dreams The Poisonwood Bible The Art of Fielding Native Speaker Blood Meridian Big Fish: A Novel of Mythic Proportions Caucasia What is the What Infinite Jest Memoir Memoir Memoir Memoir. Memoir Memoir Memoir Memoir Memoir Memoir Nonfiction Nonfiction Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Nonfiction Nonfiction Nonfiction Nonfiction Nonfiction Nonfiction Nonfiction Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary David Sheff Don DeLillo Donna Tartt Dorothy Allison Edward P. Jones Fannie Flagg Gish Jen Gloria Naylor Jane Smiley Jennifer Egan Jhumpa Lahiri John Irving John Kennedy OToole Jonathan Franzen Jonathan Lethem Jonathan Safran Foer Julia Alvarez Junot Diaz K. M. Soehnlein Leslie Marmon Silko Marilynne Robinson Marilynne Robinson Marisha Pessl Michael Chabon Ntzoke Shange Paul Auster Paul Auster Paula Fox Peter Cameron Philip Roth Philip Roth Richard Ford Richard Russo Sherman Alexie Beautiful Boy Americana The Secret History Bastard out of Carolina The Known World Fried Green Tomatoes at the Whistle Stop Cafe Typical American. The Women of Brewster Place A Thousand Acres A Visit from the Goon Squad The Namesake A Prayer for Owen Meany A Confederacy of Dunces The Corrections The Fortress of Solitude Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close How the Garcia Girls Lost Their Accents The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao The World of Normal Boys Ceremony Gilead Home Special Topics in Calamity Physics The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay Sassafrass, Cypress, and Indigo The New York Trilogy The Music of Chance Desperate Characters Someday This Pain Will be Useful to You American Pastoral The Human Stain The Sportswriter Empire Falls Reservation Blues Novel Novel Novel. Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Steven Millhauser. Sue Monk Kidd T. C. Boyle Thomas Pynchon Thomas Pynchon Tom Wolfe Toni Morrison Toni Morrison Walter Mosley Walter Mosley August Wilson August Wilson Martin Dressler: The Tale of an American Dreamer The Secret Life of Bees The Tortilla Curtain Vineland The Crying of Lot 49 Bonfire of the Vanities Beloved Song of Solomon Always Outnumbered, Always Outgunned The Man in My Basement Ma Raineys Black Bottom The Piano Lesson David Mamet Glengarry Glen Ross Tony Kushner Annie Proulx Jhumpa Lahiri Raymond Carver Sherman Alexie Angels in America Close Range: Wyoming Stories Interpreter of Maladies What We Talk About When We Talk About Love. The Long Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Novel Play Play Play Play Short Stories Short Stories Short Stories Short Stories Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary Contemporary.

Otosclerosis :: Research Hearing Essays

Otosclerosis Hearing serves a very important function in our lives. Much of the time, it is taken for granted. We tend not to appreciate it, until it starts to fail. There are many disorders that can cause a difficulty in hearing and hearing loss. One such disorder is otosclerosis. This disorder deserves a significant amount of research. Not only because we are dependent on our sense of hearing, but because its effects are far reaching. So much so, that it is hard to comprehend how we could ever live without it. It has even been said that Beethoven had otosclerosis. Toward the end of his career, he could not even hear his own music (Goldstein, 1999). Its effects are devastating and are well worth studying. Otosclerosis is a middle-ear disorder. The hearing loss is usually conductive, affecting the bones in the middle ear that conduct sound to the inner ear. This conductive hearing loss is caused by the growth of a spongy bone-like tissue that prevents the ossicles (bones of the middle ear) from moving well. One of the first signs is a small growth of the tissue in the middle ear. This is often in front of the oval window, which separates the middle ear from the inner ear. This can begin in early childhood or adolescence. The tissue may grow rapidly and become hard. The bone tissue grows over the stapes ossicle attaching it to the oval window. At first, hearing loss occurs in the low frequencies. High frequencies are affected next, followed by the loss of hearing in the middle frequencies. Otosclerosis usually begins in one ear, but the other ear often develops it as well (Otosclerosis, 1998). There are different categories of otosclerosis. "Subclinical Otosclerosis" occurs when the tissue does not interfere with the ossicles. A person may have this form for many years and not know it. Another category is "Clinical Otosclerosis." This type can be present in the teen years, but not detected until the young adult years. It is rare for it to occur after the age of fifty. The last category of"Histologic Otosclerosis" occurs when the tissue is present, but it may or may not cause hearing loss. "Cochlear Otosclerosis" has been used to refer to sensorineural hearing loss. This is caused by abnormal blood flow to the middle ear, rather than growth of tissue (Otosclerosis, 1998). Otosclerosis is the most frequent cause of middle ear hearing loss.

Why does the price of gas fluctuate so greatly?

I believe we’re in a recovery stage of the business cycle. All the index calculations suggest this. The GDP and CPI indexes have increased over the last year and few months but unemployment index has remained unchanged over the last few months. The economy has stabilized and there is slow growth. GDP index shows a . 4 percent increase in the fourth quarter of 2012 and a 1. 8 percent increase in the first quarter of 2013. This increase suggests recovery. CPI index shows has increase 1. percent for all of 2012 and shows a steady increase every month in 2013. There’s also has been a steady increase every year since 2009. This increase also shows recovery. Unemployment index has remained unchanged in June 2013 at 7. 6 percent from May 2013. It has remain constant for the last 5 months at around 7. 6 percent. It has decreased slightly from June 2013 when it was 8. 2 percent. If the unemployment decreases, it’s possible that would set us up for an economic boom. Why does the price of gas fluctuate so greatly? There are many factors that create price of gas fluctuation; war in the Middle East creating a shortage and production problems creating a shortage. When there’s a shortage, prices go up. What will happen as more and more people in China and India decide to buy automobiles? As more and more people in China and India buy automobiles, the demand for gas will increase. The increased demand for gas will exceed the supply and will cause a shortage. The shortage of gas will increase the price of gas. What would happen if most US consumers decided to drive electric cars? If most US consumers decided to drive electric cars the demand of gas would significantly decrease. The US is ranked the number 1 consumer of petroleum. If the demand of gas significantly decreased in the US, the supply of gas would most likely exceed the demand and make lower gas prices.

Consorcio comes to America

The goal of Be American is the understanding of the reality of the immigrant life, which is filled with the difficulty of getting past the cultural barrier, and of getting acquainted with a new land's idea of ignorance and literacy. Consorcio has a big problem: he wants to become an American. He soon finds out that the times and events will not agree with him. Consorcio comes to America and soon realizes the hard work involved in getting a better life in America. Right away, the reader is greeted with the problem of Consorcio's illiteracy.The story starts immediately with â€Å"it was not Consorcio's fault†, referring to his inability no read or write English and his native dialect. Consorcio has to deal with his own ignorance, which showed in many little ways—he breaks plates because he only knew coconut shells and wooden utensils, sleeps on top of the sheets, does not want to eat bread and butter. Consorcio is typical of most immigrant peasants who came to America for a â€Å"better life†, knowing little but the provincial life full of farm work. Still, Consorcio is intent on becoming American, even buying books to hasten himself along his Americanization.But when he asks his cousin how long he would have to wait, Consorcio is unpleasantly surprised when he discovers from his cousin that he needs to wait five years to become American. A year later, when his cousin visits him, Consorcio no longer has his books. He has sold them because he is unable to read, with no way to learn. Consorcio is now working as a baker's assistant. Consorcio is still intent on becoming American, though. When his cousin suggests a free night school, he agrees to change his job so he can study.Two years later his cousin returns to find Consorcio gone, with an untraceable address. But soon Consorcio sends his cousin boxes of fruit and produce of the company he works for. Consorcio's and the cousin meet again after two years later, in Los Angeles. Consorcio is disa ppointed. He has no job, hasn't finished school, and has become aware that he could not obtain American citizenship. More than two years later the cousin starts to receive letters (Consorcio has finally become literate). Consorcio starts to see the resolution of his dream of Americanization in his literacy.Consorcio becomes American in a different way from what he has been desiring all the years of his stay in America. Consorcio begins a publication defending the rights of American and immigrant workers. Because of his activist literature, Consorcio experiences jail. Here we see that in spite of ongoing contradictions, Consorcio was, in a way, able to control his situation. For want of his American ideal, Consorcio fights with his words. He becomes American in this way, not officially, but in the American way of fighting for the ideal of liberty.This is what America is all about—at least this is what we understand from the cousin—and he did what so many before him did, and that is fight for justice, and equality. Then war comes, and Consorcio's â€Å"crusade† ends. Fifteen years after arriving on America, Consorcio dies. The (anti)climax comes with Consorcio's death. Before his death, as his cousin says, he has become American in his own right. Still, he never really experiences the â€Å"good life† promised by America, and dies with the embers of his dream.

3 Problematic Parentheticals

3 Problematic Parentheticals 3 Problematic Parentheticals 3 Problematic Parentheticals By Mark Nichol Each of the following sentences is muddled because a parenthetical phrase is incorrectly punctuated. Discussion of each example explains the problem, and one or more revisions resolve it. 1. This phase consists of a management experience whose intensity and scope has few, if any rivals. The phrase â€Å"if any† is a parenthetical- a sentence element that is not essential to the sentence but provides additional information or otherwise modifies the main clause. Parenthetical phrases must be set off with a pair of punctuation marks (parentheses, dashes, or, most commonly, commas): â€Å"This phase consists of a management experience whose intensity and scope has few, if any, rivals.† 2. The operational risks of widespread automation, for example loss of service and technical problems around delivery, could lead to wholesale firms being unable to transact. The parenthetical phrase â€Å"for example† must be set off from the stated example, which itself, with the parenthetical, must be set off from the main clause: â€Å"The operational risks of widespread automation- for example, loss of service and technical problems around delivery- could lead to wholesale firms being unable to transact.† (Parentheses can replace the dashes, but to introduce a pair of commas would obscure the hierarchy of parenthesis within parenthesis.) 3. Smith, the superintendent of the park who has studied the history of the colony, said the photos are a reminder of the state’s rich and influential past. The parenthetical phrase that describes Smith includes a phrase singling him out as one of two or more superintendents and identifies him as the one who has studied the history of the colony. However, Smith is the only superintendent, and the reference to his studies is additional, parenthetical information, so that phrase must be set off as a parenthesis modifying a parenthesis: â€Å"Smith, the park’s superintendent, who has studied the history of the colony, said the photos are a reminder of the state’s rich and influential past.† Alternatively, the sentence can be reworded so that â€Å"the park’s superintendent† is the only parenthetical; â€Å"has studied the history of the colony† becomes the balance of the main clause, and the wording about his comment becomes an additional independent clause preceded by a conjunction: â€Å"Smith, the park’s superintendent, has studied the history of the colony, and he said the photos are a reminder of the state’s rich and influential past.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Exquisite Adjectives25 Russian Words Used in English (and 25 More That Should Be)Titled versus Entitled

The Ancient Chinese Chou Dynasty

The Ancient Chinese Chou Dynasty The Chou or Zhou dynasty ruled China from about 1027 to about 221 B.C. It was the longest dynasty in Chinese history and the time when much of ancient Chinese culture developed. The Chou Dynasty followed the second Chinese dynasty, the Shang. Originally pastoralists, the Chou set up a (proto-)feudal social organization based on families with administrative bureaucracy. They also developed a middle class. Although a decentralized tribal system at the beginning, the Zhou became centralized over time. Iron was introduced and Confucianism developed. Also during this long era, Sun Tzu wrote The Art of War, in about 500 B.C. Chinese Philosophers and Religion During the Warring States period within the Chou dynasty, a class of scholars developed, whose members included the great Chinese philosopher Confucius. The Book of Changes was written during the Chou Dynasty. The philosopher Lao Tse was appointed librarian for the historical records of the Chou kings. This period is sometimes referred to as the One Hundred Schools Period. The Chou banned human sacrifice. They saw their success over the Shang as a mandate from heaven. Ancestor worship developed. The Start of the Chou Dynasty Wuwang (Warrior King) was the son of the leader of the Chou (Zhou), who were located on the western border of the Shangs China in what is now Shaanxi province. Wuwang formed a coalition with the leaders of other states to defeat the last, evil ruler of the Shang. They succeeded and Wuwang became the first king of the Chou dynasty (c.1046 to 43 B.C.). Division of the Chou Dynasty Conventionally, the Chou dynasty is divided into the Western or Royal Chou (c.1027 to 771 B.C.) and the Dong or Eastern Chou (c.770 to 221 B.C.) periods. The Dong Zhou itself is subdivided into the Spring and Autumn (Chunqiu) period (c.770 to 476 B.C.), which was named for a book supposedly by Confucius and when iron weapons and farm implements replaced bronze, and the Warring States (Zhanguo) period (c.475 to 221 B.C.). At the start of the Western Chou, the empire of the Chou extended from Shaanxi to the Shandong peninsula and the Beijing area. The first kings of the Chou dynasty gave land to friends and relatives. Like the two previous dynasties, there was a recognized leader who passed power to his descendants. The vassals walled cities, also passed down patriarchally, developed into kingdoms. By the end of the Western Chou, the central government had lost all but nominal power, such as was required for rituals. During the Warring States period, the aristocratic system of warfare changed: peasants fought; there were new weapons, including crossbows, chariots, and iron armor. Developments During the Chou Dynasty During the Chou dynasty in China, ox-drawn plows, iron and iron casting, horseback riding, coinage, multiplication tables, chopsticks, and the crossbow were introduced. Roads, canals, and major irrigation projects were developed. Legalism Legalism developed during the Warring States period. Legalism is a school of philosophy that provided the philosophical background for the first imperial dynasty, the Qin Dynasty. Legalism accepted that humans are flawed and asserted that political institutions should recognize this. Therefore the state should be authoritarian, demanding strict obedience to the leader, and meting out known rewards and punishments. Resources and Further Reading Paul Halsall on the Chinese DynastiesChinese History Zhou DynastyLegalism. (2009). In Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Retrieved March 25, 2009, from Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Online: search.eb.com/eb/article-9047627

India as Emerging Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

India as Emerging Market - Essay Example The preamble of Indian Constitution declares India as sovereign, socialist, secular and democratic republic and importantly promises social, economic and political justice. Therefore, India is constitutionally a modern social democratic state with a strong emphasis given to ‘socialistic pattern of development’ (Basu, 1994). The Directive Principles of State Policy delineated in part IV of the Indian constitution upholds the notion of an active welfare state which could intervene in the social, religious, and cultural affairs of the country in order to ensure progress. Indian federalism is of a mixed type in which states and the centre effectively wield power distinct areas. However, the centre has supreme power in many areas including the power to dismiss the elected governments at the state level in terms of article 356. For Basu (1994), although the federal system is the basic structure of the government of the country, a strong mixture of unitary bias is apparent. The Panchayati Raj system is a unique characteristic of Indian polity. Kashyap (2002) is the view that â€Å"the seventy-third and seventy-fourth constitutional amendments have made some fundamental changes in our political structure and in the status of local institutions†. Thereafter, governance has been considerably decentralised through panchayats and other institutions of local governance. Although India has a strong economy and an young, vibrant work force, it is still long behind in terms of human development. Health remains an unresolved issue, over half of the children in the country are malnourished. One third of the population still faces chronic hunger. Majority of the population lives with less than a dollar per day. In literacy rate, India is even behind some of the poverty-ridden sub-Saharan countries. And, the gender and regional gap in terms of

Critically think about the drop in crime in the US at the end of the Essay

Critically think about the drop in crime in the US at the end of the nineties - Essay Example There was another hypothesis developed that the drop in crime rate was due to the introduction of the Three Strikes Law. This allocation provided that any felony criminal who was arrested on a third offence would be sentenced to life imprisonment (Rushefsky, 2007, 535). The first of the states to allot this was the State of Washington, subsequent steps to continue with this step taking place in Colorado, Arkansas, Nevada and so on. This practice has led to a general reduction in the rate of crime n the United States, with the year 2010 being the safest moments of all. With the homicide division having the lowest record of crime, there has been a decline in other divisions such as violent crimes, rape and robbery. (Press 2010, 135) In conclusion, there are two hypotheses describing the decline in the rate of crime in the United States. The introduction of the Three Strikes Law and the legalization of abortion have contributed to the decline in crime in the United States (Wilensky, 2002, 235). However, there has also been overall improvement in the administration of

ADR in England and Wales Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

ADR in England and Wales - Essay Example This paper highlights that the most complex and far-reaching of these changes is a challenge to the traditional model of the lawyer as a manager of war — the strategic and skilful facilitation of peace now appears to be equally important. The increasing acceptance of ADR processes within civil litigation has immediate practical consequences for legal practice.   This paper outlines that reforms have been initiated in court proceedings and in the private sector as well in the UK and the whole of Europe, the impact of which can be seen and felt by all stakeholders. Tribunal Adjudication and Alternative Dispute Resolution Before starting an analysis of the new issues emerging from this shift in the provision of civil justice through alternative means in England and Wales, a thorough understanding of the related concepts of tribunal adjudication and alternative dispute resolution can help in enhancing? There is nothing new in the English legal system employing specialist tribunals to resolve disputes over a vast panorama of issues historically. There has been an over-crowding of cases because of the making of new kinds of laws such as ‘social security law’ since World War II. At present, tribunals negotiate over a quarter of a million cases each year, which equals more than the total of all County Court and High Court cases. The rol e of Tribunals is, therefore, crucial in the English court system because of the quantity of cases handled by them. They also play a significant part for their unique processes and means of adjudication. These tribunals differ from traditional civil and criminal courts in their missions and aims. The difference between courts and tribunals Difference between a ‘court’ and a ‘tribunal’ is that a tribunal is formed by Parliament in the same way a court hears specific grievances or particular issues of dispute.  

How Has Social Networking Affected Society Media Essay

How Has Social Networking Affected Society Media Essay The internet has revolutionized the way in which people communicate. The proliferation of this medium of communication and data transfer has made it difficult to believe that only a few decades back, people had to wait for days and sometimes weeks for a letter to reach them. Today communication is a very quick process and it is the internet that has made it possible. The latest byproduct of the internet is what is called social networking. There are numerous websites like Orkut, Facebook and MySpace that are used by individuals to find their friends and stay in contact with them. It is impossible to ignore the impact that social networking has had on human society. This paper will study the different ways by which social networking sites have influenced society. The positive and negative effects of this cyber phenomenon will also be delved upon. The popularity of the internet among the masses was made possible mainly due to email. People could send emails to any part of the world and could receive emails instantaneously. Subsequently there were websites that integrated audio and visual elements to make internet browsing a user friendly experience. Today, handheld devices utilize the internet for various purposes. This means that the internet and related applications can be made available to any person who knows how to use a compatible handheld device. For many people the internet has become an absolute necessity that they cannot do without in their daily lives. Even though in the beginning internet services were utilized by commercial establishments to further their business interests, technologically inclined entrepreneurs brought together Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP), photo sharing, instant messaging, ecommerce, multiplayer gaming and so on and created websites that were aimed at bringing people together (Ishak, n.d ). This initiative led to the growth of the social networking revolution. People found out that they could use the internet to connect with other people. It was also possible to rekindle old relationships and stay in touch with long lost relatives or those who were living in other countries. Social networking sites today are the most highly valued internet companies. This is because almost anyone who uses the internet is a member on at least one of these sites. Some may also have memberships in various social networking sites like Orkut, Facebook and MySpace. This widespread adoption of social networking sites has definitely impacted the way human beings socialize. There are hundreds of social networking sites today that connect people across the world. Some target people who have common interests and some do not have any such criteria and are open to all (Ishak, n.d). Online social networks focus on building and reflecting social relationships among people who share interests and/or activities (Ishak, n.d). Social networks enable a person to have a profile where he/she is able to include information about him/her and also include friends. Personal experiences are shared by way of messages, photos, videos and other media. A few of the most popular social networking sites that have millions of members are Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, Orkut etc. Socializing on the internet was not pioneered by these websites. Email and messengers like ICQ have always enabled people to do so nearly a decade ago. But these websites have made it possible to include a large number of people in groups and stay in touch with them effortlessly (Ishak, n.d). The social web and mobile technologies have accelerated the rate at which relationships develop, information is shared and influence takes hold (Benioff, 2012). Social technology is used to shape the events of the world. Websites like Facebook have given a new way to communicate and reach out with the help of groups and friends. Portable devices like tablets and smartphones have applications that help people access their friends regardless of their location. The impact of social media has been seen in peoples movements like the Arab Spring and the Occupy movement. People who are connected to each other with these means have managed to rally crowds and gather an audience that helped them in toppling political regimes (Benioff, 2012). Social networking has made it easier for people to meet other people. Not all people are outgoing enough to take the initiative and meet others. Conventional opportunities to make friends were during social gatherings when people had an opportunity to meet other people. Since some people are introverts they find it difficult to muster enough courage to meet someone and strike up a conversation. Social networking ensures that everybody has a level playing field. Even people who do not have an impressive personality per se can have hundreds of friends on their profile and also interacts with each other on a daily basis. Not all friends on a social networking profile need to be close friends. Some may be brief acquaintances but in due course of time a relationship could be developed (Parrack, 2012). People often spend a very long time on social networking sites. This is because of the sharing of experiences that takes place between people. People on a friends list tend to listen and respond to messages and even dispel any concerns that are voiced by other friends. Since modern lifestyle does not give people enough time to communicate, communication systems need to be extremely fast. Social networks are very fast and it is possible to send a message and get a reply to that within a matter of seconds. There is also a sense of equality despite the locations that people may be in and hence social networking sites have made the world a much smaller place. It is also possible for people with similar interests to interact. By sharing likes, dislikes, interests, hobbies etc, people tend to move closer to each other despite the physical distance between them (Parrack, 2012). Every individual will feel the need to maintain certain weak ties. These could be with people whom one meets during the course of the day. Asking for a phone number may not be possible due to the nature of the relationship. Potential benefits of keeping in touch with certain people might be for arranging play dates or discussing a hobby. These are interactions that do not require a very close relationship. Social networking is a very useful tool for such people. Interaction will be possible during that particular time and also in the future when it is necessary. Bonding with friends and family is different from associating oneself with the weak ties. Social networking sites allow individuals to manage a wider network of weak ties and thus increase bridging social capital (Ellison, Lampe, Steinfield, 2009). When a persons social network is improved it will help them to increase the information that is available to them and also to improve the opportunities that they have. In a study that was conducted among undergraduates it was found that merely using the internet did not increase the social capital. Only intensive use of websites like Facebook led to higher levels of social capital. Before the advent of these sites people used communication strategies like newsletters and gossip to discuss about their past and present acquaintances. Social networking sites have enabled status messages and regular updates that enable people to engage in lightweight social surveillance. It is true that most of the status messages are about seemingly trivial matters. A friend may have got a new dog, an old colleague may have changed his job and knowing about these may not make any change in ones life but it is the awareness of ones social network that provides a continuous link to the acquaintances (Elli son, Lampe, Steinfield, 2009). Social networking sites can assist in coordinating and mobilizing social action (Ellison, Lampe, Steinfield, 2009). There are several organizations that have managed to mobilize the society and influenced it. Political figures, organizations and advocacy groups can find supporters very easily with the help of such websites. For any network to have value it needs support from as many numbers of people as possible. Focused networking sites like for instance MyChurch.com unites Christian churches and the website Care2.com unites environmental activists. There is also a social networking site that unites activists called Change.org. This site has been used in the past to organize protests and boycotts in an efficient manner. This has only been made possible due to the number of members who follow such websites and the messages that are posted regularly (Ellison, Lampe, Steinfield, 2009). Social networking has also had several adverse effects on the society. According to Sherry Turkle, a clinical psychologist, a social network not only changes what an individual does but also changes the person that he/she is. People tend to befriend people on Facebook but tend to keep people in their lives at a distance. Today it is possible for a person to tweet a message to a thousand followers at the same time but the same person fails to pick up a telephone which is a much more efficient mode of communication and talk to someone. According to Turkle, the relationships that are forged in this way offer the illusion of companionship without the demands of friendship (Strachan, 2012). In other words we are only getting used to a way of being alone together (Strachan, 2012). Social networking sites have also had an impact on the communication styles that are adopted by people. Writing has become more concise due to micro blogging sites like Twitter. Several abbreviations like LOL for laughing out loud, BRB for be right back, ROTLR for rolling on the floor laughing are being used. This is not considered to be a very good trend by people because it corrupts the English language. Apart from abbreviations words are also shortened as the necessity may be. Before becomes b4, to becomes 2and so on. The main problem with this is that it is the younger generation that is using this kind of communication before even becoming proficient with the language. Even if it is assumed that this is only a trend that will pass then those who use this kind of language will face problems when they grow up are expected to use formal English language (Sherman, 2010). While it is true that social networking sites enable us to organize our real world relationships it also adversely affects a persons ability to socialize. People nowadays are obsessed about composing a perfect tweet or a good Facebook status update that they forget to enjoy the important events in their lives. For instance in a survey that was conducted about this subject it was revealed that 24% of the respondents missed out on enjoying special moments because they were busy trying to document the occasion for their friends on social networking sites (Laird, 2012). People who are not mature about their real world relationships tend to vent out their relationship woes on social networking sites. This could have a disastrous consequence on their relationship itself (Kaiser, 2012). Americans in particular have become less participant-oriented. They prefer to remain only as audience members. In the past there used to be a propensity to join sports teams, and civic groups. Today people tend to live an isolated life. Such an existence will only lead to lesser empathy and fewer social skills. People are so used to dealing with people online that they cannot bring themselves to talk with their neighbors. It is the real life social networks that are being destroyed by virtual social networks. In the United States, suburban streets have started to look deserted. People no longer gather to communicate or just have a good time. Children are addicted to their computer screens and video games. Neighbors who might be burning up the social media pages inside their homes barely know each other outside (Robinson, 2011). According to a recent study, social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter are supposedly more addictive than cigarettes or alcohol. This addiction is due to the fact that checking updates on these sites is neither expensive nor does it have any adverse effects on ones health. Desires for media may be comparatively harder to resist because of their high availability and also because it feels like it does not cost much to engage in these activities, even though one wants to resist (Epstein, 2012). However there is a psychological explanation to this addiction. Receiving or answering a notification results in a hit of Dopamine which is a chemical neurotransmitter that is associated with reward responses in the human brain. Dopamine is also released while consuming drugs or indulging in sexual activity. This is why social networking can be addictive (Franceschi-Bicchierai, 2012). In an online poll that was conducted among a thousand teenagers, it was revealed that four out of five experienced negative side effects when they were not allowed to access their social networking accounts. Sites like Twitter and Facebook made them have negative feelings like depression, insecurity, panic and dependence (Dungan, 2012). Yet another problem that is seen on social networking site is bullying. The internet seems to give people a sense of anonymity that brings out the mean streak in them. According to a research study by the Pew Research Center, where 800 teenagers were surveyed, it was seen that incidents of mean and cruel behavior transcended all ages and backgrounds on social networks. (Kang, 2011). Bullying in schools and colleges is common but the ease of communication on the internet makes it possible for peers to join forces and gang up on an individual. Of those who had seen such cruelty online 21% joined in the harassment. Out of ten girls aged twelve to thirteen, three admitted to having experienced unkind treatment. Teenagers assumed a different personality online that was markedly different from that of their real personality. Some of them approached their online friends with more bravado than they had in real life conversations. Facebook is a website that requires its members to use real names to prevent anonymous bullying. But it has not stopped bullying altogether. The online peer groups become meaner when the child is of a younger age (Kang, 2011). Social networking encourages people to be more public about their lives. Intimate details of a persons personal life may be available to other people in the form of posts, status updates, photos and videos. These will stay in the public domain even after the accounts are deleted by the user. It is also possible that someone might have downloaded them to their computers. These can then be altered to malign the reputation of a person. For instance a picture of a person doing shots at a party may look absolutely fine to their friends. But when a prospective employer is doing a background check, the very same photo may land the person in trouble (Jung, 2012). This loss of privacy is a very serious issue that can affect people in a society. Social networking is a very influential mode of communication. Social networking sites like Facebook and MySpace make it possible for member to communicate with ease with their friends and family. It has become easier to enter into relationships with such websites. Hand held devices like tablets and smartphones have applications that enable users to log in to the social network from their devices and stay in touch with their friends. However social networking also has its adverse effects on the society. People have started to get addicted to networking sites. This addiction to updating ones status on a networking site has made people incapable to engage in real life interactions with people. People are also developing a different identity online that makes then indulge in bullying. Social networking therefore has profound influences on human society that are both beneficial as well as detrimental.

Nicotine and its Effects on Weight :: Research Papers

Nicotine and its Effects on Weight Introduction Bad breath, yellow teeth, a chronic cough†¦these are some of the disgusting results of smoking cigarettes. Why do people continue to smoke when the effects are so harmful? The typical response from smokers to this question is that they smoke in order to relax and help relieve stress. Unfortunately, the quick fix happens to be an addictive narcotic. Smoking feeds the addiction, but it also feeds the body with about 40 cancer-causing chemicals as well as almost 4,000 other chemicals (http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/cic_text/health/w8quit-smoke/index.htm). Besides the visible physical effects, smoking increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, cancer, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and other lung diseases (http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/cic_text/health/w8quit-smoke/index.htm). With the first issuance of health warnings on cigarette packages being more than thirty years ago, logically the number of American smokers should have drastically decreased by now. However, polls show that 32 million Americans continue to smoke according to the American Dietetic Association website (http://www.eatright.org/erm/erm011200.html). Those who continue to smoke, despite the health risks, have decided to take chances with their long-term health rather than sacrifice the immediate benefits of a cigarette. Many current smokers say they are afraid to quit their destructive habit for fear of weight gain associated with the cessation of smoking. The added weight, however, poses a much lower health risk than the continuation of smoking. In order to reach equal health risks of smoking just one pack of cigarettes a day, someone would have to be about 125 pounds overweight (http://www.quitsmoking.com/books/nonag/weightgain.htm). Negative Effects on Women Furthermore, the negative effects smoking has on women are especially grim. A site devoted to women and smoking disclose that in the year 2000, women and young girl smokers will have a higher morbidity and mortality rate than that of men. Women smokers have a smaller lung capacity than men, which makes females more vulnerable to the chemicals in cigarette smoke. Also, women smokers have a four times greater chance of developing cervical cancer than non-smokers. Another frightening statistic mentioned in the article says that women who smoked 40 or more cigarettes a day showed a 74% higher risk of developing fatal breast cancer than non-smoking women. Additionally, a woman who smokes has a six-times greater risk of heart attack than men who smoke.

BrimmoThe Curious Incident Of The Dog I

l am going to prove that Im not stupid. Next month am going to take my A level In math's and IM going to get an A grade† / Hidden creates a character with huge contrasts to show the complexity of Aspires. â€Å"and now if I don't know what someone is saying I ask them what they mean or walk away† / Direct speech â€Å"l think it should be called a lie because a pig is not like a day† / direct speech to show the complications. What is a distinctive idea explored In The Curious Incident of the DogIn the Night Time by Mark Haddam? Explain how this Idea Is developed through the novel. The Curious Incident of the dog in the night time composed by Mark Haddam is an exceptional text that explores the ideas of how different perspectives show the different ways the world can be experienced. Hadrons text follows a young boy named Christopher Boone with the uniquely complex disease, speakers, â€Å"speakers† and as he does this he conveys the way someone seeing the wo rld differently can generate different life perspectives.Chris Is unable to understand human emotion ND figurative language and which Haddam cleverly uses this perspective with techniques like using contrast and voicing character's views with direct speech to allow the reader to access the syndrome that is common but rarely understood. Haddam creates a character with huge contrasts to show the complexities of his Speakers syndrome. Haddam uses characterization to portray the complexity of Christopher says â€Å"l am going to prove that I'm not stupid. â€Å"Next month I am going to take my A level In math's and I'm going to get an A grade†.Christopher has an amazing talent in math's and has an exceptional photographic memory. This helps the audience to understand the inner conflicts that Chris has because of the syndrome and understand the huge contrasts between someone that can't understand simple things that most people take for granted and a â€Å"A level in math's†. This contrast also allows the audience to see the complexities of Speakers through the eyes of Christopher and his experiences, developing the unique Idea that different an speakers perspectives show the wildly different ways the world can be experienced.Christopher Bone's syndrome makes him struggle to connect with human emotions as he doesn't understand them. This reveals his deferent views of the world to the audience. Chris has a lack of knowledge of facial expressions and human emotion creates problems in his life where he is left confused and frustrated. â€Å"And now If I don't know what someone Is saying I ask them what they mean or I walk away' The use of direct speech representing the character's thoughts puts the reader in the shoes of Christopher showing his perspective of life.The audience is shown owe his knowledge of emotions is very limited because he would just run away if he was confused about what someone was trying to tell him. Christopher lack of communicati on directly relates to the views him and others have of life because of these barriers. Haddam allows the audience to see the complexities of Speakers different perspectives show the different ways the world can be experienced. Haddam makes the audience appreciate the things we take for granted by exploring the many barriers people with aspires face.Because of Christopher obstacle of understanding figurative language and metaphors it limits his communication. â€Å"l think it should be called a lie because a pig is not like a day' the effective use of direct speech used in this quote, emphasis the complications that follow with Speakers Syndrome. The use of direct speech and persona also allows the audience to see life from his perspective, forcing the audience to understand his syndrome and its effects. This allows the audience to appreciate the things we take for granted developing the idea that different perspectives show the different ways the world can e experienced.The Curiou s Incident of the Dog in the Night Time is an impeccable text that shows the audience what it is like to have Espalier's Syndrome. Mark Haddam uses techniques like direct speech to illustrate how different perspectives show the different ways the world can be experienced. Christopher barriers of not being able to recognize human emotion or figurative language were great tools in broadcasting the theme of how different perspectives show the different ways the world can be experienced to the audience